python接口自动化测试(四)-Cookie&Sessinon-白红宇

　　掌握了前面几节的的内容，就可以做一些简单的http协议接口的请求发送了，但是这些还不够。HTTP协议是一个无状态的应用层协议，也就是说前后两次请求是没有任何关系的，那如果我们测试的接口之前有相互依赖关系怎么办呢（比如我要在博客园发文章，是需要先登录的），这时我们就要用到cookie和session技术来保持客户端与服务器端连接的状态，这也就是本节要介绍的内容：

一、Cookie:

1、获取cookie:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-#获取cookieimport requestsimport jsonurl = "https://www.baidu.com/"r = requests.get(url)#将RequestsCookieJar转换成字典c = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(r.cookies)print r.cookiesprint cfor a in r.cookies:    print a.name,a.value

输出：


      
       ]>{
     'BDORZ': '27315'}BDORZ 27315

二、发送cookie:

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-#发送cookie到服务器import requestsimport jsonhost = "http://httpbin.org/"endpoint = "cookies" url = ''.join([host,endpoint])#方法一：简单发送# cookies = {"aaa":"bbb"}# r = requests.get(url,cookies=cookies)# print r.text#方法二：复杂发送s = requests.session()c = requests.cookies.RequestsCookieJar()c.set('c-name','c-value',path='/xxx/uuu',domain='.test.com')s.cookies.update(c)

二、Session

1、保持会话同步：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import requestsimport jsonhost = "http://httpbin.org/"endpoint = "cookies"url = ''.join([host,endpoint])url1 = "http://httpbin.org/cookies/set/sessioncookie/123456789"r = requests.get(url)print r.text print "------" s = requests.session()    #初始化一个session对象s.get(url1)               #cookie的信息存在了session中r = s.get(url)print r.text

输出：

{  "cookies": {}}------{  "cookies": {    "sessioncookie": "123456789"  }}

2、保存会话信息：

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import requestsimport jsonhost = "http://httpbin.org/"endpoint = "headers"url = ''.join([host,endpoint])header1 = {
    "testA":"AAA"}header2 = {
    "testB":"BBB"}s = requests.session()    #初始化一个session对象s.headers.update(header1)   #已经存在于服务中的信息r = s.get(url,headers=header2) #发送新的信息print r.text

输出：

{  "headers": {    "Accept": "*/*",     "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",     "Connection": "close",     "Host": "httpbin.org",     "Testa": "AAA",     "Testb": "BBB",     "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.1"  }}

3、删除已存在的会话信息，保存为None

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import requestsimport jsonhost = "http://httpbin.org/"endpoint = "headers"url = ''.join([host,endpoint])header1 = {
    "testA":"AAA"}header2 = {
    "testB":"BBB"}s = requests.session()    #初始化一个session对象s.headers.update(header1)   #已经存在于服务中的信息r = s.get(url,headers=header2) #发送新的信息print r.textprint '--------'s.headers['testA'] = None   #删除会话里的信息testAr1 = s.get(url,headers = header2)print r1.text

{  "headers": {    "Accept": "*/*",     "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",     "Connection": "close",     "Host": "httpbin.org",     "Testa": "AAA",     "Testb": "BBB",     "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.1"  }}--------{  "headers": {    "Accept": "*/*",     "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",     "Connection": "close",     "Host": "httpbin.org",     "Testb": "BBB",     "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.1"  }}

4、提供默认数据：

s = requests.Session()s.auth = ('user', 'pass')s.headers.update({
     'x-test': 'true'})# both 'x-test' and 'x-test2' are sents.get('http://httpbin.org/headers', headers={
    'x-test2': 'true'})

参考：

本文转自贺满博客园博客，原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/puresoul/p/7488531.html

，如需转载请自行联系原作者。